Obesity is a serious adult desease.
Obesity is a growing global health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. It is defined as a condition where an individual has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, indicating an excessive accumulation of body fat.
Obesity can lead to a number of serious health problems, including heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. In this article, we will discuss the causes of obesity, its symptoms, and available treatments, including lifestyle changes and medications.
Causes of Obesity
The causes of obesity are complex and multifactorial, including both genetic and environmental factors. Some of the most common causes of obesity include:
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Unhealthy diet:
A diet that is high in calories, sugar, and fat can contribute to weight gain and obesity.
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Physical inactivity:
A sedentary lifestyle with limited physical activity can also lead to weight gain and obesity.
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Genetics:
Obesity tends to run in families, and research has shown that there is a strong genetic component to the condition.
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Medications:
Certain medications, such as antipsychotics and antidepressants, can cause weight gain and contribute to obesity.
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Psychological factors:
Emotional eating and stress can also contribute to weight gain and obesity.
Symptoms of Obesity
The symptoms of obesity can vary from person to person, but some of the most common include:
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Excessive body fat:
A BMI of 30 or higher indicates that an individual has excessive body fat and is considered obese.
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Difficulty losing weight:
People who are obese may have difficulty losing weight, even when they are following a healthy diet and exercise regimen.
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Shortness of breath:
Excess weight can put pressure on the lungs and heart, making it difficult to breathe.
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Fatigue:
Carrying excess weight can be physically and mentally overwhelming, leading to fatigue.
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Joint pain:
Excess weight can put strain on the joints, leading to pain and discomfort.
Treatment of Obesity
The treatment of obesity depends on several factors, including the individual’s health status, the severity of their obesity, and their personal preferences. Some of the most common treatments for obesity include:
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Lifestyle changes:
Making changes to your diet and exercise habits is the most effective way to treat obesity. This may include reducing calorie intake, increasing physical activity, and making healthier food choices.
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Medications:
There are several prescription medications available to help with weight loss, including appetite suppressants and fat absorbers.
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Surgery:
In some cases, bariatric surgery may be recommended for individuals who are severely obese and have not been able to achieve weight loss through other means.
The medicines of obesity
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Orlistat (brand : Xenical):
Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor that reduces the amount of fat absorbed by the body. It works by blocking the enzyme lipase, which breaks down fat in the intestines. As a result, about 30% of the fat from food is not absorbed and is eliminated from the body as waste.
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Lorcaserin (Belviq):
Lorcaserin is a selective serotonin 2C receptor agonist that helps regulate appetite and food intake. It works by activating the serotonin 2C receptors in the brain, which are involved in controlling hunger and satiety. By increasing the level of serotonin in the brain, lorcaserin can help reduce food cravings and promote a feeling of fullness.
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Phentermine and Topiramate (Qsymia):
Phentermine and topiramate are two medications that are combined to form the prescription drug Qsymia. Phentermine is a stimulant that reduces appetite, while topiramate is an anticonvulsant that can help control cravings. The combination of these two medications can help people lose weight by reducing food intake and increasing feelings of fullness.
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Naltrexone-Bupropion (Contrave):
Naltrexone-bupropion is a combination of two medications that work together to regulate appetite and food intake. Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist that helps reduce cravings for food, while bupropion is an antidepressant that can help boost feelings of fullness. By working together, naltrexone and bupropion can help people control their food intake and lose weight.
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Liraglutide (Saxenda):
Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that helps regulate appetite and food intake. It works by increasing the levels of GLP-1 in the body, which helps slow down digestion and promote feelings of fullness. Liraglutide can help people control their food intake and lose weight by reducing hunger and promoting a feeling of fullness.
Conclusion
Obesity is a growing global health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a complex condition with multiple causes, including genetics, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity,
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